在雅思阅读中，常会出现词汇或句子的同义替换或改述，不仅让文章显得丰富多变，还可以用来设置出题点，小伙伴们一定要擦亮眼睛，辨识出这些同义转换，才能做对相关题目。
雅思阅读的文章均摘自西方报刊杂志，属于原汁原味的外文资料，自然也会遵循着以上规律，所以雅思阅读中对词汇的考查万变不离其宗，无非是对同义词、反义词、同根词进行考核。
同义转换用例一：
原文：in europe, the obstacle has beenconservative local authorities and developers who prefer to ensure quick saleswith conventional mass-produced housing.
题目：many developers prefer mass-producedhouses because they...
answer：sell quickly
解析：原文和题目中的句意关键词developer, prefer均相同，但“housing” 换成了 “houses”,即同根词的代换。 “they” 指代 “houses”， 又因为 “because” 应该引导从句，所以answer为动词短语。 “quick sales” 对应的动词短语为上述answer， 也就是说answer也是根据同根词替换而来的。
同义转换用例二：
原文：while this includes complex kingdoms, asin africa, and ancient empires, such as those of the americas, the primaryfocus of attention in the twentieth century has been on small-scale societies.
题目：the twentieth-century collections comemainly from mainstream societies such as the us and europe.
answer：false
解析：原文与题目对比出现了一组反义代换词 “small-scale societies”和 “mainstream societies”.
同义转换用例三：
原文：countries all over the world are activelypromoting their wilderness regions to high-spending tourists. the attraction ofthese regions is obvious: by definition, wilderness tourism requires litter orno initial investment.
题目：the low cost of setting wilderness tourismmakes it attractive to many countries.
answer：true
解析：low cost=little or no initial investment;“attractive” 为 “attraction”的同根词代换。
同义转换用例四：
原文：in their new location, the beekeeper willpay the farmer to allow his bees to feed in such places as orange groves.
题目：they transport their hives to orangegroves where farmers (charge) beekeepers for placing them on their land. herethe bees make honey.
解析：这是剑桥上的一个填空题。不难看出，为了考查词汇，题目对原文进行了同义句转换，但是对主语和宾语进行了调换，所以谓语动词也采用了相应的反义词形式。

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